2017-02-10 01:51:23 +08:00
|
|
|
![ZIG](http://ziglang.org/zig-logo.svg)
|
2015-08-06 08:44:05 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2017-08-10 05:52:02 +08:00
|
|
|
A programming language designed for robustness, optimality, and
|
2017-05-08 02:11:01 +08:00
|
|
|
clarity.
|
2015-08-06 08:44:05 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2016-05-14 02:38:14 +08:00
|
|
|
[ziglang.org](http://ziglang.org)
|
2016-02-10 13:31:49 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2017-05-08 12:13:54 +08:00
|
|
|
[Documentation](http://ziglang.org/documentation/)
|
|
|
|
|
2017-04-25 05:04:52 +08:00
|
|
|
## Feature Highlights
|
2016-01-26 16:39:45 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2017-05-08 02:11:01 +08:00
|
|
|
* Small, simple language. Focus on debugging your application rather than
|
|
|
|
debugging your knowledge of your programming language.
|
|
|
|
* Ships with a build system that obviates the need for a configure script
|
|
|
|
or a makefile. In fact, existing C and C++ projects may choose to depend on
|
|
|
|
Zig instead of e.g. cmake.
|
|
|
|
* A fresh take on error handling which makes writing correct code easier than
|
|
|
|
writing buggy code.
|
|
|
|
* Debug mode optimizes for fast compilation time and crashing with a stack trace
|
|
|
|
when undefined behavior *would* happen.
|
|
|
|
* Release mode produces heavily optimized code. What other projects call
|
|
|
|
"Link Time Optimization" Zig does automatically.
|
2016-02-01 14:40:56 +08:00
|
|
|
* Compatible with C libraries with no wrapper necessary. Directly include
|
|
|
|
C .h files and get access to the functions and symbols therein.
|
2016-01-26 16:39:45 +08:00
|
|
|
* Provides standard library which competes with the C standard library and is
|
2017-04-25 13:26:37 +08:00
|
|
|
always compiled against statically in source form. Compile units do not
|
|
|
|
depend on libc unless explicitly linked.
|
2017-04-25 05:53:00 +08:00
|
|
|
* Nullable type instead of null pointers.
|
|
|
|
* Tagged union type instead of raw unions.
|
|
|
|
* Generics so that one can write efficient data structures that work for any
|
|
|
|
data type.
|
2016-01-26 16:39:45 +08:00
|
|
|
* No header files required. Top level declarations are entirely
|
|
|
|
order-independent.
|
2017-02-01 02:26:53 +08:00
|
|
|
* Compile-time code execution. Compile-time reflection.
|
|
|
|
* Partial compile-time function evaluation with eliminates the need for
|
|
|
|
a preprocessor or macros.
|
2016-01-26 16:39:45 +08:00
|
|
|
* The binaries produced by Zig have complete debugging information so you can,
|
|
|
|
for example, use GDB to debug your software.
|
2016-02-05 15:13:37 +08:00
|
|
|
* Mark functions as tests and automatically run them with `zig test`.
|
2016-02-16 06:51:10 +08:00
|
|
|
* Friendly toward package maintainers. Reproducible build, bootstrapping
|
|
|
|
process carefully documented. Issues filed by package maintainers are
|
|
|
|
considered especially important.
|
2017-04-25 05:04:52 +08:00
|
|
|
* Cross-compiling is a primary use case.
|
2015-12-07 12:55:28 +08:00
|
|
|
* In addition to creating executables, creating a C library is a primary use
|
|
|
|
case. You can export an auto-generated .h file.
|
2017-04-25 13:26:37 +08:00
|
|
|
* Standard library supports Operating System abstractions for:
|
2017-04-25 05:53:00 +08:00
|
|
|
* `x86_64` `linux`
|
|
|
|
* Support for all popular operating systems and architectures is planned.
|
2017-04-25 13:26:37 +08:00
|
|
|
* For OS development, Zig supports all architectures that LLVM does. All the
|
|
|
|
standard library that does not depend on an OS is available to you in
|
|
|
|
freestanding mode.
|
2015-11-28 15:40:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2016-11-24 15:44:03 +08:00
|
|
|
## Community
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* IRC: `#zig` on Freenode.
|
|
|
|
* Reddit: [/r/zig](https://www.reddit.com/r/zig)
|
|
|
|
* Email list: [ziglang@googlegroups.com](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/ziglang)
|
|
|
|
|
2015-12-07 12:55:28 +08:00
|
|
|
## Building
|
|
|
|
|
2017-04-25 13:26:37 +08:00
|
|
|
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/zig-lang/zig.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/zig-lang/zig)
|
2017-05-23 12:42:53 +08:00
|
|
|
[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/4t80mk2dmucrc38i/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/andrewrk/zig-d3l86/branch/master)
|
2017-04-21 23:06:15 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2016-01-26 12:56:29 +08:00
|
|
|
### Dependencies
|
|
|
|
|
2016-09-06 04:36:21 +08:00
|
|
|
#### Build Dependencies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These compile tools must be available on your system and are used to build
|
|
|
|
the Zig compiler itself:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* gcc >= 5.0.0 or clang >= 3.6.0
|
2016-02-13 05:07:12 +08:00
|
|
|
* cmake >= 2.8.5
|
2016-09-06 04:36:21 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2017-03-31 17:48:15 +08:00
|
|
|
#### Library Dependencies
|
2016-09-06 04:36:21 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These libraries must be installed on your system, with the development files
|
2017-04-28 06:40:17 +08:00
|
|
|
available. The Zig compiler links against them.
|
2016-09-06 04:36:21 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2017-08-09 04:41:06 +08:00
|
|
|
* LLVM, Clang, and LLD libraries == 5.x
|
2016-01-26 12:56:29 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2015-12-11 06:34:38 +08:00
|
|
|
### Debug / Development Build
|
|
|
|
|
2016-05-01 08:17:59 +08:00
|
|
|
If you have gcc or clang installed, you can find out what `ZIG_LIBC_LIB_DIR`,
|
|
|
|
`ZIG_LIBC_STATIC_LIB_DIR`, and `ZIG_LIBC_INCLUDE_DIR` should be set to
|
|
|
|
(example below).
|
2015-12-16 04:02:02 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2015-12-07 12:55:28 +08:00
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
mkdir build
|
|
|
|
cd build
|
2017-02-25 05:10:11 +08:00
|
|
|
cmake .. -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$(pwd) -DZIG_LIBC_LIB_DIR=$(dirname $(cc -print-file-name=crt1.o)) -DZIG_LIBC_INCLUDE_DIR=$(echo -n | cc -E -x c - -v 2>&1 | grep -B1 "End of search list." | head -n1 | cut -c 2- | sed "s/ .*//") -DZIG_LIBC_STATIC_LIB_DIR=$(dirname $(cc -print-file-name=crtbegin.o))
|
2015-12-07 12:55:28 +08:00
|
|
|
make
|
2015-12-11 06:34:38 +08:00
|
|
|
make install
|
2017-04-20 14:26:36 +08:00
|
|
|
./zig build --build-file ../build.zig test
|
2015-12-07 12:55:28 +08:00
|
|
|
```
|
2015-12-11 06:34:38 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2017-09-18 22:47:37 +08:00
|
|
|
#### MacOS
|
|
|
|
|
2017-09-18 22:50:27 +08:00
|
|
|
`ZIG_LIBC_LIB_DIR` and `ZIG_LIBC_STATIC_LIB_DIR` are unused.
|
|
|
|
|
2017-09-18 22:47:37 +08:00
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
brew install llvm@5
|
|
|
|
brew outdated llvm@5 || brew upgrade llvm@5
|
|
|
|
mkdir build
|
|
|
|
cd build
|
2017-09-18 22:50:27 +08:00
|
|
|
cmake .. -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/local/opt/llvm@5/ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$(pwd)
|
2017-09-18 22:47:37 +08:00
|
|
|
make install
|
2017-09-18 22:51:12 +08:00
|
|
|
./zig build --build-file ../build.zig test
|
2017-09-18 22:47:37 +08:00
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
2015-12-11 06:34:38 +08:00
|
|
|
### Release / Install Build
|
|
|
|
|
2016-02-03 06:04:14 +08:00
|
|
|
Once installed, `ZIG_LIBC_LIB_DIR` and `ZIG_LIBC_INCLUDE_DIR` can be overridden
|
|
|
|
by the `--libc-lib-dir` and `--libc-include-dir` parameters to the zig binary.
|
2015-12-16 04:06:42 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2015-12-11 06:34:38 +08:00
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
mkdir build
|
|
|
|
cd build
|
2016-02-08 15:50:51 +08:00
|
|
|
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DZIG_LIBC_LIB_DIR=/some/path -DZIG_LIBC_INCLUDE_DIR=/some/path -DZIG_LIBC_STATIC_INCLUDE_DIR=/some/path
|
2015-12-11 06:34:38 +08:00
|
|
|
make
|
|
|
|
sudo make install
|
|
|
|
```
|
2016-01-16 08:12:26 +08:00
|
|
|
|
2016-04-24 00:57:38 +08:00
|
|
|
### Test Coverage
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To see test coverage in Zig, configure with `-DZIG_TEST_COVERAGE=ON` as an
|
|
|
|
additional parameter to the Debug build.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You must have `lcov` installed and available.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Then `make coverage`.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
With GCC you will get a nice HTML view of the coverage data. With clang,
|
|
|
|
the last step will fail, but you can execute
|
|
|
|
`llvm-cov gcov $(find CMakeFiles/ -name "*.gcda")` and then inspect the
|
|
|
|
produced .gcov files.
|
|
|
|
|
2017-04-13 17:27:39 +08:00
|
|
|
### Related Projects
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [zig-mode](https://github.com/AndreaOrru/zig-mode) - Emacs integration
|
2017-04-25 04:17:28 +08:00
|
|
|
* [zig.vim](https://github.com/zig-lang/zig.vim) - Vim configuration files
|
2017-07-15 07:30:13 +08:00
|
|
|
* [vscode-zig](https://github.com/zig-lang/vscode-zig) - Visual Studio Code extension
|
2017-08-26 08:14:33 +08:00
|
|
|
* [zig-compiler-completions](https://github.com/tiehuis/zig-compiler-completions) - bash and zsh completions for the zig compiler
|
2017-09-08 05:31:26 +08:00
|
|
|
* [NppExtension](https://github.com/ice1000/NppExtension) - Notepad++ syntax highlighting
|